Ti₃CN Mxene-microfiber integrated waveguide for high stability four-wave mixing effect generation

The application of two-dimensional (2D) materials in third-order nonlinear optics and integrated waveguide technologies is further explored. Specifically, we synthesized Ti 3 CN MXene via acid etching and subsequently coated it onto highly nonlinear microfibers (HNLMF) using optical deposition techniques. This approach enabled the development of integrated waveguides that exhibit a robust nonlinear response. Our comprehensive analysis highlights the key attributes of Ti 3 CN, including its band structure and enhanced nonlinear optical properties, which contribute to significant improvements in all-optical wavelength conversion (AOWC). At an operational wavelength of 2.05 µm, the Ti 3 CN-HNLMF integrated waveguide through the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect demonstrated a conversion efficiency of -29.54 dB, with a wavelength separation of 14 nm and a minimal fluctuation in conversion efficiency (0.43 dB) sustained over 520 minutes. The findings from this study not only demonstrate a practical method for improving AOWC but also offer insights into the potential of MXenes in integrated waveguide technologies, thereby supporting the development of advanced nonlinear optical devices.