Continuum percolation of two-dimensional adaptive dynamics systems

The percolation phase transition of a continuum adaptive neuron system with homeostasis is investigated. In order to maintain their average activity at a particular level, each neuron (represented by a disk) varies its connection radius until the sum of overlapping areas with neighboring neurons (representing the overall connection strength in the network) has reached a fixed target area for each neuron. Tuning the two key parameters in the model, i.e., the density defined as the number of neurons (disks) per unit area and the sum of the overlapping area of each disk with its adjacent disks, can drive the system into the critical percolating state. These two parameters are inversely proportional to each other at the critical state, and the critical filling factors are fixed about 0.7157, which is much less than the case of the continuum percolation with uniform disks. It is also confirmed that the critical exponents in this model are the same as the two-dimensional standard lattice percolation. Although the critical state is relatively more sensitive and exhibits long-range spatial correlation, local fluctuations do not propagate in a long-range manner through the system by the adaptive dynamics, which renders the system overall robust against perturbations.