Large-Area Intercalated Two-Dimensional Pb/Graphene Heterostructure as a Platform for Generating Spin–Orbit Torque
A scalable platform to synthesize ultrathin heavy metals may enable high-efficiency charge-to-spin conversion for next-generation spintronics. Here, we report the synthesis of air-stable, epitaxially registered monolayer Pb underneath graphene on SiC (0001) by confinement heteroepitaxy (CHet). Diffraction, spectroscopy, and microscopy reveal that CHet-based Pb intercalation predominantly exhibits a mottled hexagonal superstructure due to an ordered network of Frenkel-Kontorova-like domain walls. The system's air stability enables <i>ex situ</i> spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements that demonstrate charge-to-spin conversion in graphene/Pb/ferromagnet heterostructures with a 1.5× increase in the effective field ratio compared to control samples.
Authors
- Boyang Zheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-2337)
- Roland J. Koch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-8463)
- Timothy Bowen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6050-0435)
- Wilson Yanez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9088-2590)
- Eli Rotenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3979-8844)
- Nabil D. Bassim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9161-5769)
- Hesham El‐Sherif (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-0762)
- Alexander Vera (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-0292)
- Chengye Dong
- Jimmy C. Kotsakidis
- Gopi Krishnan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-2805)
- Yuanxi Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0659-1134)
- Vincent H. Crespi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-3193)
- Adam L. Friedman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0597-5432)
- Seong Yeoul Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-1259)
- Nitin Samarth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-346X)
- Robert M. Wallace (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-4806)
- Xinglu Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2466-6889)
- Joshua A. Robinson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1513-7187)
- Maxwell Wetherington (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1354)
- Kaijie Yang
- Chao‐Xing Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-1365)
Institutions
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- Physical Sciences (United States) (US)
- McMaster University (CA)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Nano
- Published
- 2024-08-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c04075
- Citations
- 13
- Primary Topic
- Graphene research and applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.52
Funders
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Pennsylvania State University
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Division of Materials Research
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research