Navigating the challenges of passenger name record data and the way forward

<ns5:p>Background The TENACITy EU-funded project investigates the multifaceted challenges surrounding the utilisation of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data following the implementation of the PNR Directive (EU) 2016/681, which marks a significant shift in EU air travel intelligence. Methods This study employed a combination of research and survey methodologies to gather data from various stakeholders involved in the implementation of the PNR Directive. The survey focused on identifying the key obstacles faced by Passenger Information Units (PIUs), including the absence of standardised practices and issues of data quality. Results The findings highlight two primary obstacles confronting PIUs: the lack of standardised practices among stakeholders and the poor quality of PNR data. Additionally, fragmented implementation and regulatory barriers were identified as significant hindrances to the optimal utilisation of PNR data for counterterrorism and crime prevention efforts. Conclusions Addressing these challenges requires nuanced solutions, with technological tools presenting potential remedies to operational constraints. There is a collective call for mandating specific data elements to enhance the effectiveness of PNR data utilisation. This paper provides insights and recommendations to enhance PIUs' capabilities, contributing to the ongoing discourse on EU travel intelligence.</ns5:p>