The use of nanotechnology in genetic modification: a recent promising technology for enhancing crop productivity

From targeted gene insertion techniques to gene editing tool delivery systems, nanotechnology presents a promising path for improving many aspects of crop modification. However, little is known about the current application of nanotechnology and genetic engineering (GE) to improve agricultural yield. This review explores the potential applications of nanotechnology and GE to enhance sustainable agricultural systems. Most of the research indicates that by carefully guiding the delivery of nutrients to plants, nanomaterials and nanoscale methods like nanofertilizers and nanocarriers maximize plant nutrient uptake efficiency and increase the efficacy of agriculture's utilization of resources. Studies reveal that the application of nanoencapsulated pesticides as well as antimicrobial agents ensures precise delivery to plant tissues, maximizing effectiveness and reducing chemical usage. Nanotechnology also offers more precise control over genetic modifications and produces crops with desired traits like enhanced nutrient content, boosted resistance to pests and diseases, and raised yield. This fusion of GE and nanotechnology is an example of a modern approach to sustainable agriculture that maximizes resource use while reducing environmental impact. This review clarifies the promise of nanotechnology as a clean technology for transforming the production of genetically modified crops, improving nutrient utilization, and thus contributing to worldwide food security and environmentally-friendly agriculture.