Adaptation of sleep to daylight saving time is slower in people consuming a high-fat diet
Adaptation of the circadian clock to the environment is essential for optimal health, well-being, and performance. Animal models demonstrate that a high-fat diet impairs circadian adaptation to advances of the light-dark cycle; it is unknown whether this occurs in humans. Utilizing a natural experiment that occurs when humans must advance their behaviors to an earlier hour for daylight saving time (DST), we measured the influence of diet on sleep/wake timing relative to dim-light melatonin onset time. Students with a lower-fat diet rapidly altered their sleep-wake timing to match the imposed time change, whereas those with a high-fat diet were slower to adapt to the time change. Moreover, a faster shift in timing after DST was associated with higher general health, lower body mass index, and higher grade point average. These data suggest that diet may influence the speed of sleep and circadian adaptation, which could have implications for health and performance.
Authors
- Elizabeth B. Klerman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-3171)
- Akane Sano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4484-8946)
- Andrew J. K. Phillips (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-7056)
- Laura K. Barger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-7331)
- Andrew W. McHill (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9428-6884)
- Charles Andrew Czeisler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-1849)
Institutions
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Flinders University (AU)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health (AU)
- Circadian (United States) (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Rice University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- iScience
- Published
- 2024-08-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.110677
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.82
Funders
- American Academy of Audiology Foundation
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Helsingin Yliopisto
- National Space Biomedical Research Institute
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- MIT Media Lab
- Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation
- Eisai
- Nihon Superior
- Epilepsy Society
- National Institutes of Health
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Samsung