The Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth of Bean

Acid rain is one of the global challenges which environment is suffering from it. Besides development and improvement of science and technology still acid rain is a serious problem to the environment. As acid rain formed from sulfur dioxide and water in the atmosphere, and the source of sulfur dioxide is fossil fuel which are used in industries such as power plant and etc. and it reveal that acid rain concentration are higher in industrialized counties than development countries. The usage of fossil fuel is increased to produce energy and improve economy, which in turn will have direct impact on global ecosystem and caused major environmental challenges such as climate change, air pollution, water pollution, deforestation and etc. The effect of simulated acid rain on the plant growth of beans was studied in this research. This experiment was done at the Kabul Education University, Kabul, Afghanistan. To produce Simulated acid rain and get required pH rang for the experiment a mixed intensified sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and distilled water have been used and the pH level measure using (Orion Star A211) pH meter. To achieve the result and identify the affect of acid rain on plant growths different type of acid prepared and used in the experiment which include pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, also for comparison pH 7.0 was used as control sample. The experiment result showed that Simulated acid rain had impact in plants morphology and physiological performance. During the experiment several symptoms of was observed such as chlorosis, plant tissue death, weak growth, early leaf aging, leaf twist, leaf wilting, leaf loss and plant death under acid treatments. The growth parameter such Plant height, leaf amount, leaf area and harvest index and Chlorophyll content were highest at neutral pH (7.0 control), why in acid treatment it was decreased. The result indicates that the increasing of acid rain concentration level in atmosphere will interrupt normal morphology and physiological process, decreases in photosynthetic capacity and significant reduction in plant productivity. and it was reducing by the increase in concentration of acidic rain.