Effect of FDI, R & D, and High-Tech Exports on Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Pakistan and Canada over the Period of 1982-2011
Innovation is coming from new Knowledge, and new Technology. The author select these two countries because Canada has a very strong innovative economy, while Pakistan is not so strong. The study concludes that foreign direct investment, R&D, and High-tech exports have a positive impact on economic growth, and the results show a significant positive impact on GDP, in the case of Canada. While in Pakistan this influence is not significant due to some internal problems that Pakistan faces like a low rate of domestic investment, political instability, less investment in higher education. Therefore, the comparison can be useful in adapting Canada’s innovation policy for Pakistan.
Authors
- Waqar Ahmad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-764X)
Institutions
- Huazhong Agricultural University (CN)
- Government of Pakistan (PK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología
- Published
- 2025-11-05
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17531490
- Primary Topic
- Global Financial Crisis and Policies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00