Towards a model to understand foul flushes in combined sewers

Foul flushes are events in combined sewers which typically occur in the initial period of storm flows, and for which the concentration of suspended sediments and other pollutants are significantly higher than observed in the later stages of the storm. This paper summarises current knowledge regarding the mechanisms which create foul flushes and proposes modelling strategies which will be able to account for such large changes in suspended sediment concentration under time varying flow conditions.