Experiments on 2–D submerged vertical jets with progressive water surface waves

The effect of progressive water surface waves on two-dimensional vertical impinging jets is studied experimentally. The submerged turbulent jets were generated by discharging water through a slot orifice into a water ambient. The velocity profiles across and along the jet center plane at x = 0 were measured with a laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) for cases with and without surface waves. The experimental results show that for the case with waves: (1) the mean velocity profile of jet remains Gaussian and self-similar in the zone of established flow (ZEF); (2) the waves enhance the jet mixing by approximately 30%, as by comparing the spreading constant of oc=l .6 for jet with waves to that of α=l .2 for jet without waves; and (3) the surface waves will cause the jet maximum centerline to deflect from the center plane of x=0.