In-Situ Characterization of Coarse-Grained Weathered Soils

The geological features of Northern India differ considerably with those of Southern India, normally known as Peninsula. Geologically India has been divided into two areas the extra-peninsular area, that is the country lying to the west, north and east of the Indo-Gangetic plain, and the Peninsular area, namely the triangular portion of the country situated on the south of Vindhya range of mountains. The geological history of these two divisions is altogether different. The extra-peninsular area evidently has undergone changes repeatedly due to immersions beneath the sea and has been greatly compressed and disturbed since the Tertiary period. This has resulted in fossiliferous beds and contorted and complicated mountain ranges as the Himalayas and the hills of the Punjab. On the contrary the Peninsula has not undergone any changes and no great compression since the close of the Paleozoic period.