The third Pallas Cloud Experiment : Consistency between the aerosol hygroscopic growth and CCN activity

Measurements of aerosol chemical and hygroscopic properties and cloud condensation nuclei were carried out as a part of the third Pallas Cloud Experiment. In this study, the aerosol hygroscopicity parameter, k, was determined using data from instruments operating in the sub-saturated and supersaturated water vapour regimes, as well as from measurements of aerosol chemical composition. During the campaign, k varied from ~0.01 to ~0.37 as derived by Cloud Condensation Nuclei counter and Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility analyser data, and from ~0.13 to ~0.60 as derived from Aerosol Mass Spectrometer data, the average values being 0.11 and 0.29, respectively. CCN closure calculations showed that the sub-saturated growth factor retrieved CCN concentration is lower than the measured one. Overall, at the Pallas site, aerosol hygroscopicity was size dependent with hygroscopicity increasing with size. Hence, size dependent information on composition is needed to predict CCN concentrations relevant to cloud droplet formation.