Turbulence and topographic effects in simulated thunderstorm downdrafts by wind tunnel jet

In this study, a continuous jet impinging on a wall has been used to simulate the downdraft in a thunderstorm. Velocity and turbulence characteristics have been studied at various distances from the stagnation position and over a topographic feature. Comparisons with earlier jet flow studies confirm that speedup over topography is weaker for jet flows than for boundary layer flows, but perhaps not as weak as previously observed.