An Introduction to Input/Output Automata

We describe the input/output automaton model, a model for concurrent and distributed discrete event systems. We define the model, illustrate the model with several examples concerning vending machines and a leader election algorithm, and survey the ways in which the model has been used.

Authors

Marc R. Tuttle
Nancy Lynch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3045-265X)

Institutions

Amazon (United States) (US)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)

Publication Details

Journal: Formal Aspects of Computing
Published: 2026-01-27
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3788687
Citations: 1,020
Primary Topic: Industrial Automation and Control Systems
Type: article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact: 0.00

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article

An Introduction to Input/Output Automata

Marc R. Tuttle, Nancy Lynch

Jan 27, 2026

1,020 citations

Formal Aspects of Computing

Industrial Automation and Control Systems

article

An Introduction to Input/Output Automata

Marc R. Tuttle, Nancy Lynch

January 27, 2026article en

1,020 citations

Abstract

Formal Aspects of ComputingVol. 2(3)

Amazon (United States) (US), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)

Affordable and clean energy

Industrial Automation and Control Systems

DOI Open Access PDF OpenAlex

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An Introduction to Input/Output Automata — Marc R. Tuttle, Nancy Lynch · Formal Aspects of Computing (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS